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US defense firms look to Ukraine for battlefield-proven drones

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  • The U.S. partnered with Ukrainian drone manufacturers to enhance military capabilities, using war-tested technology proven in combat. This collaboration aims to improve drone autonomy, sensor technology and affordability.
  • Ukrainian firms mass-produce drones capable of withstanding electronic warfare, operating in contested airspace and carrying explosive payloads hundreds of miles.
  • The Pentagon’s focus on Ukrainian drones signals a shift in military strategy, prioritizing practical, battlefield-ready systems over high-cost, high-tech platforms.

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The U.S. is turning to Ukrainian drone manufacturers to enhance its military capabilities, leveraging war-tested technology. American defense startups, struggling to develop small, reliable drones, are teaming up with Ukrainian firms that mass-produce drones capable of withstanding electronic warfare and operating in contested airspace.

What role do US companies play in these partnerships?

Companies such as Southern California-based CX2 have integrated their software and sensors into Ukrainian drones, with Defense Department approval. Other startups, including Swan and KEF Robotics, are working with Ukrainian firms to improve drone autonomy and sensor technology.

The Pentagon’s Defense Innovation Unit has also awarded contracts to Ukrainian-American partnerships to test long-range attack drones, with the potential for full-scale production.

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How does Ukraine’s drone production compare to the US?

Ukraine has rapidly expanded its drone industry since Russia’s 2022 invasion, producing over 2 million drones in 2024 alone. This production far surpasses the estimated U.S. military capacity of 100,000 per year. Many of these drones can fly hundreds of miles with explosive payloads and have been used in strikes inside Russia.

LVIV, UKRAINE - MARCH 22: FPV drones lie ready for handover to units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine on March 22, 2024 in Lviv, Ukraine. Ukraine's territorial communities continues to support the Ukrainian army. So, in March, the Lviv city authorities purchased and handed over 800 FPV drones to the military. The Lviv city budget for 2024 provides UAH 1 billion for the purchase of equipment for the Armed Forces of Ukraine alone. (Photo by Mykola Tys/Global Images Ukraine via Getty Images)
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What are the challenges for Ukrainian drone makers?

Ukraine’s drone manufacturers face export restrictions that limit sales outside the country, but many are pushing to lift these controls. Some companies, such as Skyfall, are seeking special permission to sell directly to the U.S.

Meanwhile, Ukrainian firms must also navigate challenges in sourcing components, as many rely on parts from China, which could create obstacles for U.S. military procurement.

What does this mean for the future of US military drones?

The Pentagon’s focus on Ukrainian drones signals a shift in military strategy.

While American defense firms have traditionally prioritized high-cost, high-tech platforms, Ukraine’s ability to mass-produce affordable, effective drones is influencing a move toward more practical, battlefield-ready systems.

Legacy companies like Lockheed Martin and startups like Anduril are now developing lower-cost munitions, and partnerships with Ukraine could accelerate these efforts.

How does this fit into broader US defense strategy?

Beyond Ukraine, the U.S. is also adapting its military tactics based on lessons from the war. Troops stationed in Eastern Europe are integrating new technologies, including drones, to modernize battlefield operations.

The Army’s “Transformation in Contact” strategy emphasizes rapid innovation, decentralized command structures, and improved electronic warfare capabilities — all areas where Ukraine’s drone warfare experience is shaping U.S. military thinking.

By adopting Ukraine’s drone expertise, the U.S. aims to enhance its technological edge, particularly as it prepares for potential conflicts in the Pacific.

The partnerships between U.S. and Ukrainian drone manufacturers could define the future of military drone warfare, ensuring that American forces are better equipped for modern combat.

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[ryan robertson]

WHEN IT COMES TO DEVELOPING DRONES FOR THE BATTLEFIELD, UKRAINE HAS AN ADVANTAGE OVER THE UNITED STATES–PART OF THE PERKS OF LIVING IN A WARZONE FOR THREE YEARS. UKRAINE’S DRONES MOVE FASTER, COST LESS, AND ADAPT BETTER TO COMBAT CONDITIONS THAN THEIR AMERICAN COUNTERPARTS–THE UNITED STATES NEEDS THAT KNOWLEDGE, ESPECIALLY AS IT KEEPS AN EYE ON CHINA IN THE PACIFIC.

SO U.S. DEFENSE COMPANIES ARE TEAMING UP WITH UKRAINIAN MANUFACTURERS, INTEGRATING WAR-TESTED TECHNOLOGY INTO THEIR OWN DESIGNS.

DESPITE BILLIONS IN VENTURE CAPITAL, U.S. DRONE MANUFACTURERS WERE LAGGING IN DEVELOPING SMALL, BATTLEFIELD-READY DRONES. MEANWHILE UKRAINIAN FIRMS, OPERATING UNDER WARTIME CONDITIONS, WERE MASS-PRODUCING DRONES THAT CAN WITHSTAND ELECTRONIC WARFARE AND FUNCTION IN CONTESTED AIRSPACE.

AS WE’VE REPORTED ON OUR SHOW WEAPONS AND WARFARE…SOME U-S BASED MANUFACTURERS LIKE SHIELD AI, AEROVIRONMENT, ANDURIL, AND P-D-W DO HAVE CONTRACTS TO WORK DIRECTLY WITH UKRAINE…AND THE PENTAGON IS GETTING INVOLVED TOO. . TAKE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA-BASED CX2, FOR INSTANCE, WHICH IS WORKING WITH UKRAINIAN DRONE MAKERS, TO INCORPORATE ITS SOFTWARE AND SENSORS WITHUKRAINIAN DESIGNS.

THE DEFENSE DEPARTMENT APPROVED THE PARTNERSHIP, AND THE FIRST MODELS COULD SOON ENTER AMERICAN MILITARY SERVICE. OTHER U.S. STARTUPS, INCLUDING SWAN AND KEF ROBOTICS, ARE WORKING WITH UKRAINIAN COMPANIES TO REFINE DRONE AUTONOMY AND SENSOR TECHNOLOGY.

THE DEFENSE INNOVATION UNIT, AN ARM OF THE PENTAGON THAT FAST-TRACKS MILITARY TECH, RECENTLY AWARDED CONTRACTS TO SEVERAL UKRAINIAN-AMERICAN DRONE PARTNERSHIPS. IF THE DRONES PERFORM WELL IN TESTS, THEY COULD ENTER PRODUCTION FOR THE U.S. MILITARY.

ONCE THE WEAPONS INNOVATION HUB OF THE USSR…UKRAINE’S DRONE INDUSTRY SURGED AFTER RUSSIA’S INVASION, PRODUCING OVER TWO MILLION DRONES IN 2024—THAT’S 20 TIMES THE U.S. MILITARY’S ESTIMATED CAPACITY. DEPENDING ON THE MODEL, THESE DRONES CAN FLY HUNDREDS OF MILES WITH EXPLOSIVE PAYLOADS AND CONDUCT ATTACKS INSIDE RUSSIA.

UKRAINE’S DRONE MAKERS SEE THE U.S. MARKET AS KEY TO SUSTAINING PRODUCTION BEYOND THE WAR. STRICT EXPORT CONTROLS LIMIT SALES OUTSIDE THE COUNTRY, BUT MANUFACTURERS ARE PUSHING TO LIFT RESTRICTIONS. SOME COMPANIES ARE ALSO SEEKING SPECIAL PERMISSION TO SELL DIRECTLY TO THE U.S.

THE PENTAGON’S INTEREST IN UKRAINIAN DRONES REFLECTS A SHIFT IN MILITARY STRATEGY. MANY OF THE LEGACY U.S. DEFENSE MANUFACTURERS WERE FOCUSED ON HIGH-TECH, VERY EXPLENSIVE PLATFORMS–OFTEN CALLED EXQUISITE SYSTEMS WHILE UKRAINE WENT TO WORK PRODUCING LOWER-COST DRONES BUILT FOR REAL-WORLD WARFARE.

BUT THE TIDES ARE CHANGING. LEGACY COMPANIES LIKE LOCKHEED MARTIN AND STARTUPS LIKE ANDURIL ARE BOTH MARKETING NEW, LOWER COST MUNITIONS NOW. AND THE PARTNERSHIPS WITH UKRAINE COULD HELP BOLSTER THOSE DEVELOPMENTS.

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