Norwegian company Pronofa is exploring innovative ways to make protein production more sustainable by transforming ciona, ocean-dwelling filter feeders also known as sea squirts, into a viable meat substitute. However, raising these invertebrates for human consumption has had its problems in the past.
Sea squirts are processed by Pronofa into a product with a flavor and texture close to that of beef without the need for any additives. The invertebrates have a natural seafood taste and a texture similar to calamari.
Eating these creatures creates a much smaller carbon footprint compared to traditional livestock. Sea squirts are also nutritionally similar to conventional meats.
Sea squirts can also help clean the ocean as they feed. The creatures naturally pull out nitrogen and phosphorus from their marine environments.
Despite these advantages, there are challenges to scaling sea squirt farming. Mass die-offs have been reported at some farms due to parasites.
Experts say the problem is exacerbated by the low genetic diversity within farmed sea squirt populations. This vulnerability presents a potential barrier to long-term, large-scale production.
Despite this, Pronofa remains optimistic about the future of sea squirts in the food market. The company sees them as a promising option for sustainable protein rather than a fleeting trend.