A United Nations inquiry published Wednesday morning, June 12, found that both Israel and Hamas committed war crimes during the early stages of the Gaza war. The U.N. Commission of Inquiry, which also accused Israel of crimes against humanity due to significant civilian casualties and infrastructure damage in Gaza, released the findings in two separate reports. 

The report’s findings are based on interviews with victims and witnesses, as well as forensic analysis and satellite imagery.

In the initial 2.5 months of the conflict, the UN commission uncovered evidence that Israel had committed war crimes and crimes against humanity. These crimes against humanity amounted to a systematic and widespread attack on civilians. The commission alleges that Israel’s war crimes included starving civilians, detaining them arbitrarily, and killing and maiming tens of thousands of children.

The reports, which total over 200 pages, also reveal that both Israel and Hamas perpetrated sexual violence, torture, and intentional attacks on civilians. These findings are deeply troubling and demand accountability.

“It is imperative that all those who have committed crimes be held accountable,” said Navi Pillay, Chair of the Commission. “The only way to stop the recurring cycles of violence, including aggression and retribution by both sides, is to ensure strict adherence to international law.”

The reports will be discussed further at the upcoming U.N. Human Rights Council session in Geneva. Israel has rejected the findings, criticizing the COI for bias. Hamas has not responded.